Geology

Geology is the scientific study of the Earth, its materials, processes, structures, and history. It encompasses the examination of rocks, minerals, soils, and landforms, as well as the processes that shape the Earth, including plate tectonics, erosion, and sedimentation. Geologists explore the planet’s physical composition, how it changes over time, and its internal and external dynamics. The discipline also involves the study of fossils and past life forms to understand Earth’s biological history. Geology is crucial for resource exploration, environmental assessment, and hazard mitigation, providing insights into natural resources like minerals, oil, and gas, as well as helping predict and understand geological hazards such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.